Rutherford B. Hayes Timeline
Rutherford B. Hayes by People
Rutherford B. Hayes, the 19th President of the United States, served from 1877 to 1881. He is best known for ending the Reconstruction era by withdrawing federal troops from the South, which aimed to rebuild the region after the Civil War. Hayes also championed civil service reform to prevent corruption in government jobs. Despite the controversy of his election, Hayes worked to reunite a nation still divided over the Civil War, leaving a lasting impact on American history.
October 4, 1822
Birth of a Future President in Delaware, Ohio
Born in a small town in Ohio, this future leader was raised by his mother after his father's early death. Despite these challenges, he would rise to become the 19th President of the United States. His presidency was marked by efforts to heal the nation after the Civil War and improve civil service.
September 1, 1838
Start of College Education at Kenyon College
This future president began his higher education journey at Kenyon College, a small liberal arts school in Ohio. Here, he studied classical literature, ancient history, and mathematics. His time at Kenyon shaped him into a well-rounded individual, preparing him for his future political career.
May 10, 1842
Graduation from Harvard Law School
This event marks the completion of his legal studies, a significant step in his journey towards presidency. Graduating from Harvard Law School, one of the most prestigious institutions, equipped him with knowledge and skills that later influenced his political career. This achievement also set him apart from many of his contemporaries, as not all U.S. Presidents held a law degree.
Year 1845
Completion of Law Degree from Harvard Law School
After years of hard work, the future U.S. President earned his law degree from Harvard, one of the top schools in the country. This achievement marked a significant step in his career, paving the way for his future in politics. His education at Harvard equipped him with the knowledge and skills he would later use to lead the nation.
December 30, 1852
Marriage to Lucy Ware Webb
The future president tied the knot with Lucy Ware Webb, a woman known for her strong anti-slavery views. This union was significant as Lucy later became the first First Lady to have a college degree. Their marriage, lasting until Hayes's death, was a partnership of mutual respect and shared ideals.
June 7, 1861
Commissioned as a Major in the Civil War
This event marked the start of his military career during a turbulent time in American history. As a Major, he showed leadership in the Civil War, a conflict between the North and South over issues like slavery and states' rights. His bravery and skills on the battlefield would later help him rise to the highest office in the land.
Year 1865
Promotion to the rank of Brevet Major General
During the Civil War, this future president showed great bravery and leadership. His courage in battle led to a promotion to Brevet Major General, a high military rank. This honor was a recognition of his exceptional service and commitment to the Union cause.
March 13, 1865
Promotion to Brevet Major General for Civil War Service
This promotion recognized the future president's bravery and leadership during the Civil War. As a Brevet Major General, he was honored for his exceptional service, even though he was wounded several times. This event marked a significant milestone in his military career before he entered politics.
January 13, 1867
Inauguration as Governor of Ohio
This event marked the start of a significant political career. As the Governor of Ohio, he implemented policies that promoted equal rights and education reforms. His leadership in Ohio paved the way for his future role as the President of the United States.
March 2, 1876
Nomination as Republican Presidential Candidate
This event marked the moment when the Republican Party chose its representative for the upcoming presidential race. The nomination process was intense, with many debates and discussions. It was a significant step in Hayes's political career, leading him towards the presidency.
March 3, 1876
Election as the 19th President of the United States
This election was one of the most disputed in American history. It was resolved by the Compromise of 1877, where the Democrats agreed to his presidency, and he ended military reconstruction in the South. This event marked a significant shift in American politics and race relations.
March 4, 1877
Inauguration as 19th President of the United States
This inauguration marked the end of a highly contested election, resolved by the Compromise of 1877. The new president, known for his integrity, faced the challenge of healing a nation still divided after the Civil War. His presidency aimed to protect civil rights and end corruption, setting a high bar for future leaders.
June 15, 1877
End of Reconstruction with the withdrawal of federal troops from the South
The end of Reconstruction marked a significant shift in American history. Federal troops were pulled out from the South, ending the period of intense national focus on rebuilding and integrating the Southern states after the Civil War. This event led to a resurgence of state rights and a rollback of civil rights for African Americans in the South.
June 16, 1877
End of Reconstruction Era with Troop Withdrawal
The Reconstruction Era, a period after the Civil War aimed at rebuilding the South, ended when the last federal troops were pulled out of South Carolina, Louisiana, and Florida. This marked a significant shift in American history as it led to the rise of discriminatory Jim Crow laws in the South. The withdrawal of troops was part of a political deal that resolved the disputed 1876 presidential election.
March 3, 1879
Approval of the Bland-Allison Act, allowing for the free coinage of silver
The Bland-Allison Act was a law that let the government use silver along with gold to make money. This was important because it increased the amount of money in circulation, which helped people and businesses. However, it also led to debates about the value of money and how it should be controlled.
March 1, 1880
Establishment of the U.S. Civil Service Commission
The U.S. Civil Service Commission was created to ensure jobs in the federal government were awarded based on merit, not political connections. This was a big change, aiming to end the "spoils system" where winners of elections gave jobs to their supporters. It was a crucial step towards a more fair and efficient government.
March 4, 1881
End of Presidential Term and Return to Private Life
After serving as President, he chose not to seek re-election and returned to his home in Ohio. He spent his post-presidential years advocating for educational reform and prison improvement. His dedication to public service continued even after his time in the White House.
September 17, 1889
Election as President of the National Prison Association
After his presidency, he was elected as the leader of the National Prison Association. His goal was to reform the prison system, focusing on rehabilitation of prisoners rather than punishment. This was a significant step in the history of prison reform in the United States.
January 17, 1893
Passing of Lucy Ware Webb, Hayes's Wife
Lucy Ware Webb, the wife of the 19th U.S. President, was a strong woman who was deeply involved in her husband's political life. Her passing was a significant event as she was the first First Lady to have a college degree. Her death marked the end of an era in the White House, as she had been a major influence on her husband's policies, particularly those related to social justice and education.
Rutherford B. Hayes, the 19th President of the United States, served from 1877 to 1881. He is best known for ending the Reconstruction era by withdrawing federal troops from the South, which aimed to rebuild the region after the Civil War. Hayes also championed civil service reform to prevent corruption in government jobs. Despite the controversy of his election, Hayes worked to reunite a nation still divided over the Civil War, leaving a lasting impact on American history.
Born in a small town in Ohio, this future leader was raised by his mother after his father's early death. Despite these challenges, he would rise to become the 19th President of the United States. His presidency was marked by efforts to heal the nation after the Civil War and improve civil service.
This future president began his higher education journey at Kenyon College, a small liberal arts school in Ohio. Here, he studied classical literature, ancient history, and mathematics. His time at Kenyon shaped him into a well-rounded individual, preparing him for his future political career.
This event marks the completion of his legal studies, a significant step in his journey towards presidency. Graduating from Harvard Law School, one of the most prestigious institutions, equipped him with knowledge and skills that later influenced his political career. This achievement also set him apart from many of his contemporaries, as not all U.S. Presidents held a law degree.
After years of hard work, the future U.S. President earned his law degree from Harvard, one of the top schools in the country. This achievement marked a significant step in his career, paving the way for his future in politics. His education at Harvard equipped him with the knowledge and skills he would later use to lead the nation.
The future president tied the knot with Lucy Ware Webb, a woman known for her strong anti-slavery views. This union was significant as Lucy later became the first First Lady to have a college degree. Their marriage, lasting until Hayes's death, was a partnership of mutual respect and shared ideals.
This event marked the start of his military career during a turbulent time in American history. As a Major, he showed leadership in the Civil War, a conflict between the North and South over issues like slavery and states' rights. His bravery and skills on the battlefield would later help him rise to the highest office in the land.
During the Civil War, this future president showed great bravery and leadership. His courage in battle led to a promotion to Brevet Major General, a high military rank. This honor was a recognition of his exceptional service and commitment to the Union cause.
This promotion recognized the future president's bravery and leadership during the Civil War. As a Brevet Major General, he was honored for his exceptional service, even though he was wounded several times. This event marked a significant milestone in his military career before he entered politics.
This event marked the start of a significant political career. As the Governor of Ohio, he implemented policies that promoted equal rights and education reforms. His leadership in Ohio paved the way for his future role as the President of the United States.
This event marked the moment when the Republican Party chose its representative for the upcoming presidential race. The nomination process was intense, with many debates and discussions. It was a significant step in Hayes's political career, leading him towards the presidency.
This election was one of the most disputed in American history. It was resolved by the Compromise of 1877, where the Democrats agreed to his presidency, and he ended military reconstruction in the South. This event marked a significant shift in American politics and race relations.
This inauguration marked the end of a highly contested election, resolved by the Compromise of 1877. The new president, known for his integrity, faced the challenge of healing a nation still divided after the Civil War. His presidency aimed to protect civil rights and end corruption, setting a high bar for future leaders.
The end of Reconstruction marked a significant shift in American history. Federal troops were pulled out from the South, ending the period of intense national focus on rebuilding and integrating the Southern states after the Civil War. This event led to a resurgence of state rights and a rollback of civil rights for African Americans in the South.
The Reconstruction Era, a period after the Civil War aimed at rebuilding the South, ended when the last federal troops were pulled out of South Carolina, Louisiana, and Florida. This marked a significant shift in American history as it led to the rise of discriminatory Jim Crow laws in the South. The withdrawal of troops was part of a political deal that resolved the disputed 1876 presidential election.
The Bland-Allison Act was a law that let the government use silver along with gold to make money. This was important because it increased the amount of money in circulation, which helped people and businesses. However, it also led to debates about the value of money and how it should be controlled.
The U.S. Civil Service Commission was created to ensure jobs in the federal government were awarded based on merit, not political connections. This was a big change, aiming to end the "spoils system" where winners of elections gave jobs to their supporters. It was a crucial step towards a more fair and efficient government.
After serving as President, he chose not to seek re-election and returned to his home in Ohio. He spent his post-presidential years advocating for educational reform and prison improvement. His dedication to public service continued even after his time in the White House.
After his presidency, he was elected as the leader of the National Prison Association. His goal was to reform the prison system, focusing on rehabilitation of prisoners rather than punishment. This was a significant step in the history of prison reform in the United States.
Lucy Ware Webb, the wife of the 19th U.S. President, was a strong woman who was deeply involved in her husband's political life. Her passing was a significant event as she was the first First Lady to have a college degree. Her death marked the end of an era in the White House, as she had been a major influence on her husband's policies, particularly those related to social justice and education.