Hannibal Barca Timeline

Hannibal Barca by People
Hannibal Barca was a Carthaginian general who lived from 247 BC to 183 BC and is best known for his strategic military tactics during the Second Punic War against Rome. His most notable achievement was leading his army, along with war elephants, across the treacherous Alps to attack Rome, a feat considered one of the greatest in military history. Despite winning several battles, Hannibal ultimately couldn't conquer Rome and was defeated at the Battle of Zama in 202 BC. His innovative tactics, however, greatly influenced later military leaders and his audacious strategies are studied in military academies to this day. Hannibal's life and actions had a significant impact on the Roman Empire and the course of history.


247 BCE
Birth of a Future General
Born into a family of military leaders, this future general was destined for greatness. From a young age, he was trained in warfare and strategy. His upbringing would shape him into one of the most feared adversaries of Rome.




236 BCE
Sworn Oath to Never Be a Friend to Rome
As a young boy, this Carthaginian general made a solemn promise to his father that he would always be an enemy of Rome. This oath shaped his future, leading him to become one of Rome's greatest adversaries. His determination and strategic genius in battle made him a significant figure in the Punic Wars.




221 BCE
Assumption of Command of the Carthaginian Army
This Carthaginian general took charge of an army that was one of the most powerful in the ancient world. His leadership marked the start of a new era in warfare, as he was known for his brilliant strategies. This event set the stage for the Second Punic War, a major conflict between Carthage and Rome.




218 BCE
Start of the Second Punic War and Crossing the Alps
This daring military maneuver involved leading an army, including war elephants, over the treacherous terrain of the Alps to surprise Rome's forces. The journey was harsh, with severe weather and hostile tribes, causing significant losses. Yet, this audacious act is still considered one of the greatest in military history.




216 BCE
Victory at the Battle of Cannae
This was a major clash during the Second Punic War where Carthage triumphed over Rome. The Carthaginian general used a tactical masterpiece, encircling and defeating a larger Roman army. This victory shocked Rome and marked the height of Carthage's power in the war.




213 BCE
Siege of Capua
The Siege of Capua was a critical battle during the Second Punic War. The Carthaginian general led his troops to encircle the Roman city of Capua, aiming to weaken Rome's influence. Despite a fierce fight, the Romans eventually recaptured the city, marking a turning point in the war.




209 BCE
Loss at the Siege of Tarentum
The Siege of Tarentum was a major setback for the Carthaginian forces. The Roman army, led by Fabius Maximus, cleverly recaptured the city of Tarentum in Italy. This loss weakened the Carthaginian hold in the region, tipping the balance of the Second Punic War in favor of Rome.




204 BCE
Return to Carthage to Defend the Homeland
When Rome threatened Carthage, the Carthaginian general raced home to protect his city. Despite his brilliant strategies and fierce determination, he couldn't stop the Roman forces. This marked a turning point in the Second Punic War, tilting the balance in favor of Rome.




202 BCE
Defeat at the Battle of Zama
The Battle of Zama marked the end of the Second Punic War. Roman general Scipio Africanus outsmarted the Carthaginian forces, using clever tactics to neutralize their war elephants and outflank their troops. This defeat led to Carthage's loss of power in the Mediterranean.




196 BCE
Election as Suffete (Chief Magistrate) of Carthage
The Carthaginian general was elected as Suffete, or Chief Magistrate, of Carthage, a position similar to a modern-day mayor. This role allowed him to implement important reforms, especially in the financial sector, which made him popular among the people but not with the Carthaginian nobility. His election marked a significant shift in Carthaginian politics, but it also led to increased tension with Rome.




195 BCE
Reforms of Carthaginian Government and Economy
The Carthaginian general initiated changes to both the government and economy of Carthage. He aimed to reduce corruption and improve the financial health of the city-state. These reforms were significant as they strengthened Carthage during a period of Roman expansion.




183 BCE
Death by Poison to Avoid Capture by Romans
The Carthaginian general chose to end his life with poison rather than be captured by his enemies, the Romans. This act was a common practice among military leaders of the time to avoid humiliation or torture. His death marked the end of a significant era in the Punic Wars.




183 BCE
Exile to the Court of Antiochus III in Syria
After losing to Rome, the Carthaginian general sought refuge in Syria, at the court of King Antiochus III. There, he hoped to gather support for another fight against Rome. However, his plans were thwarted, leading to a life of exile.




182 BCE
Escape to Bithynia after Antiochus' Defeat
After Antiochus' loss, the Carthaginian general fled to Bithynia, a kingdom in Asia Minor. There, he sought refuge, hoping to evade his Roman pursuers. This marked a significant turn in his life, as he continued his struggle against Rome from a new base.




182 BCE
Service as Military Advisor to Antiochus III
The Carthaginian general served as a military advisor to Antiochus III, the King of the Seleucid Empire. He used his strategic expertise to help Antiochus in his battles. However, despite his advice, Antiochus was defeated by the Romans in the Battle of Magnesia.